Iyini i-Virtual Production?
Ukukhiqiza okubonakalayo kuyindlela yokwenza ifilimu ehlanganisa izigcawu zomhlaba wangempela nezithombe ezikhiqizwe ngekhompuyutha ukuze kudaleke izindawo ze-photorealistic ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukuthuthuka kweyunithi yokucubungula ihluzo (i-GPU) nobuchwepheshe benjini yegeyimu kwenze imiphumela yesikhathi sangempela ye-photorealistic visual effects (VFX) yaba ngokoqobo. Ukuvela kwe-VFX ye-photorealistic yesikhathi sangempela kubangele uguquko embonini yamafilimu nethelevishini. Ngokukhiqiza okubonakalayo, umhlaba ophathekayo nowedijithali manje ungasebenzisana ngaphandle komthungo ngekhwalithi ye-photorealistic.
Ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe benjini yomdlalo kanye nokucwiliswa ngokupheleleIzikrini ze-LED ekuhambeni komsebenzi wobuciko, ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokudala, okuholela ekuzizwiseni kwesikrini esingenazihibe. Ezingeni eliphezulu, ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kuvumela amaqembu okudala afakwe esilingeni ngaphambilini ukuthi ahlanganyele ngesikhathi sangempela futhi enze izinqumo ngokushesha, njengoba iqembu ngalinye lingabona ukuthi isithombe sokugcina sizobukeka kanjani phakathi nokuqoshwa kwangempela.
Ubuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo kuFilimu nomabonakude
Ubuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo busho izinto ezintsha ezishintsha kakhulu indlela abathengi, izimboni, namabhizinisi asebenza ngayo. Embonini yamafilimu nethelevishini, lokhu kwaqala ngoshintsho olusuka kumafilimu angasho lutho luye kwabakhulumayo, kwase kuba umbala omnyama nomhlophe, kwalandelwa ithelevishini, amakhasethi evidiyo asekhaya, ama-DVD, futhi muva nje, izinkonzo zokusakaza.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amafilimu nezinhlelo ze-TV ziye zaba nezinguquko ezinkulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Ushintsho olukhulu okuxoxwe ngalo engxenyeni esele yalesi sihloko ukushintshela emiphumeleni yokubuka yesimanje, eqalwe amafilimu afanaI-Jurassic ParkfuthiI-Terminator. Amanye amafilimu e-VFX ayingqophamlando ahlanganisaI-Matrix, Inkosi YamaRings, Isithombe, futhiAmandla adonsela phansi. Abathandi bamafilimu bayakhuthazwa ukuthi babelane ngemicabango yabo ngokuthi yimaphi amamuvi abengamavulandlela noma ingqophamlando ku-VFX yesimanje.
Ngokwesiko, ukukhiqizwa kwefilimu ne-TV kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: ukukhiqizwa kwangaphambili, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwangemuva. Esikhathini esedlule, imiphumela ebonakalayo yenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, kodwa izindlela zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo ezisafufusa zihambise ingxenye enkulu yenqubo ye-VFX ezigabeni zangaphambi kokukhiqiza nezokukhiqiza, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwangemuva kubekelwe amashothi athile kanye nokulungiswa kwangemuva kokudutshulwa.
Izikrini ze-LED ku-Creative Workflows
Ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuningi kusistimu eyodwa, ehlangene. Izinkambu ezingahlobene ngokwesiko ziyahlangana, okuholela ebudlelwaneni obusha, izinqubo, ubuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kusesesigabeni sokuqala sokwamukelwa, futhi abaningi basebenzela ukukuqonda.
Noma ubani ocwaninge ngalesi sihloko kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangabezane nezindatshana zikaMike Seymour ku-FX Guide,Ubuciko Bokukhiqiza Okubonakalayo Ezindongeni ze-LED, Ingxenye YokuqalafuthiIngxenye Yesibili. Lezi zihloko zinikeza imininingwane ekwenzeniI-Mandalorian, eyadutshulwa kakhulu ezikrinini ze-LED ezibuka ngqo. U-Seymour uveza izifundo ezitholwe ngesikhathi kukhiqizwaI-Mandaloriannokuthi ukukhiqiza okubonakalayo kushintsha kanjani ukugeleza kokusebenza kokudala. Ingxenye yesibili ibuyekeza izici zobuchwepheshe nezinselele okubhekana nazo lapho kusetshenziswa i-VFX ekukhamera.
Ukwabelana ngaleli zinga lobuholi bemicabango kushayela ukuqonda kwabakhiqizi befilimu ne-TV ngentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe. Ngamafilimu amaningana nezinhlelo ze-TV ezisebenzisa ngempumelelo i-VFX yesikhathi sangempela, umjaho wokwamukela ukugeleza komsebenzi kwakamuva uvuliwe. Ukwamukelwa okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kuye kwaqhutshwa yilolu bhubhane, oluqhubekisele umhlaba emsebenzini okude futhi lwadinga wonke amabhizinisi nezinhlangano ukuthi zicabange kabusha ukuthi zisebenza kanjani.
Ukudizayina Izikrini ze-LED Zokukhiqiza Okubonakalayo
Uma kubhekwa ububanzi bobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ekukhiqizeni okubonakalayo, ukunquma ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe ngakunye nokuqonda incazelo yangempela yezicaciso kudinga ukubambisana phakathi kochwepheshe abavela emikhakheni eyahlukene. Lokhu kusiletha enjongweni yangempela yalesi sihloko, sibhala ngombono womkhiqizi we-LED ohamba phambili embonini ekuklameni izikrini ze-LED zokukhiqiza okubonakalayo.
Ukucushwa kwesikrini se-LED
Ukumiswa nokugoba kwamavolumu e-LED kuncike kakhulu ekutheni ingemuva elibonakalayo lizothwetshulwa kanjani nokuthi ikhamera izohamba kanjani ngesikhathi sokuthwebula. Ingabe ivolumu izosetshenziselwa ukusakaza nokusakaza bukhoma? Uma kunjalo, ingabe ikhamera izothwebula ikwi-engeli engaguquki noma isunduze endaweni okugxilwe kuyo? Noma ingabe indawo ebonakalayo izosetshenziselwa ividiyo enyakazayo? Uma kunjalo, abasebenzi nezinto zokwakha zizobanjwa kanjani ngaphakathi kwevolumu? Lezi zinhlobo zokucatshangelwa zisiza abaklami bevolumu ye-LED banqume usayizi wesikrini ofanelekile, ukuthi isikrini kufanele sibe sicaba noma sigobe, kanye nezimfuneko zama-engeli, usilingi, kanye/noma phansi. Izici ezibalulekile okufanele ziphathwe zihlanganisa ukuhlinzeka ngekhanvasi enkulu ngokwanele ukuvumela ikhoni yokubuka ephelele kuyilapho unciphisa ukushintsha kombala okubangelwa i-engeli yokubuka yamaphaneli e-LED akha isikrini.
Iphikseli Pitch
Amaphethini e-Moiré angaba yinkinga enkulu umaukuqopha izikrini ze-LED. Ukukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli efanele kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda amaphethini e-moiré. Uma ungajwayelani nokuphakama kwephikseli, ungafunda kabanzi ngakho lapha. Amaphethini e-Moiré abangelwa amaphethini okuthikamezeka kwemvamisa ephezulu okubangelwa ikhamera ethatha amaphikseli angawodwana kusikrini se-LED. Emkhiqizweni obonakalayo, ubudlelwano phakathi kokuphakama kwephikseli nebanga lokubuka abuhlobene nje nendawo yekhamera kodwa futhi nendawo eseduze yokugxila kuzo zonke izigcawu. Imiphumela ye-Moiré yenzeka lapho ukugxila kungaphakathi kwebanga elifanele lokubuka lephimbo lephikseli elihambisanayo. Ukulungiswa kokujula kwenkundla kungaqhubeka nokunciphisa imiphumela ye-moiré ngokuthambisa ingemuva kancane. Njengomthetho wesithupha, phindaphinda ukuphakama kwephikseli ngeshumi ukuze uthole ibanga elilungile lokubuka ezinyaweni.
Isilinganiso sokuvuselela kanye ne-Flicker
Ukucwayiza lapho kuqoshwa iziqaphi noma izikrini ze-LED kubangelwa ukungafani phakathi kwezinga lokuvuselela lesibonisi nezinga lozimele lekhamera. Izikrini ze-LED zidinga izinga eliphezulu lokuvuselela elingu-3840Hz, elisiza ukuqeda ukucwayiza kwesikrini futhi liyadingeka ngokuphelele ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikrini se-LED sinezinga eliphezulu lokuvuselela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokugwema ukucwayiza kwesikrini lapho uthwebula, ukuqondisa isivinini sokuvala ikhamera nezinga lokuvuselela kuyisixazululo sokugcina senkinga.
Ukukhanya
Ezikrinini ze-LED ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezingaphandle kwekhamera, ukukhanya okuphezulu ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokungcono. Kodwa-ke, ekukhiqizeni okubonakalayo, izikrini ze-LED zivame ukukhanya kakhulu, ngakho ukukhanya kuncipha kakhulu. Uma ukukhanya kwesikrini se-LED kuncishisiwe, ukusebenza kombala kuyathinteka. Ngamaleveli ambalwa okuqina atholakalayo kumbala ngamunye, umbala ompunga uyancishiswa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya okuphezulu kwesikrini se-LED kuhambisana nomkhawulo wokukhipha ukukhanya odingekayo ukuze kukhanye okwanele ngaphakathi kwevolumu ye-LED kunganciphisa izinga ukukhanya kwesikrini okudingeka kuncishiswe ngalo futhi kunciphise ukulahleka kokusebenza kombala.
Isikhala Sombala, Isikali Esimpunga, Nokugqama
Ukusebenza kombala kwesikrini se-LED kwakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile: isikhala sombala, indawo empunga, nokugqama. Isikhala sombala ne-grayscale kudlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo, kuyilapho ukuqhathanisa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Isikhala sombala sisho inhlangano ethile yemibala engafinyelelwa yisikrini. Abakhiqizi kufanele bacabangele isikhala sombala esidingekayo kusenesikhathi, njengoba izikrini ze-LED zingaklanywa ukuthi zibe nezikhala ezinemibala ehlukene uma kunesidingo.
I-Grayscale, ikalwa ngamabhithi, ikhombisa ukuthi mangaki amaleveli okuqina atholakalayo kumbala ngamunye. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kokujula kancane, imibala eminingi itholakala, okuholela ekushintsheni kombala okushelelayo futhi kuqedwe ukuhlanganisa. Ngezikrini ze-LED zokukhiqiza okubonakalayo, kunconywa ukuba ne-grayscale yamabhithi angu-12 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukugqama kubhekisela kumehluko phakathi kokumhlophe okugqamile nokumnyama kakhulu. Ngokombono, kuvumela ababukeli ukuthi bahlukanise okuqukethwe esithombeni ngaphandle kokukhanya. Nokho, le ncazelo ngokuvamile ayiqondwa kahle. Izikrini ze-LED zokukhanya okuphezulu zinokugqama okuphezulu. Okunye okweqisayo into yokugcwalisa, ukusebenzisa ama-LED amancane (okuvame ukushibhile) kungakhuphula okumnyama kusibonisi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukugqama. Nakuba ukugqama kubalulekile, kubalulekile ukuqonda izici ezinquma umehluko.
Ukubonakala Kwesethaphu
Ukuklama ngempumelelo amavolumu e-LED yesikhala nokukhiqiza kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuqalisa ngempumelelo ubuchwepheshe be-LED bokukhiqiza okubonakalayo. Uma kubhekwa imvelo yangokwezifiso yezikrini ze-LED, cishe ukwakha ivolomu ye-LED emhlabeni we-3D kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuhlela usayizi wesikrini, amajika, ukufakwa, namabanga wokubuka. Lokhu kuvumela abakhiqizi nonjiniyela ukuthi babone ngeso lengqondo umthamo futhi baxoxe ngezidingo kusenesikhathi, benze izinqumo ezinolwazi kuyo yonke inqubo.
Ukulungiswa Kwesizinda
Okokugcina, kuyo yonke inqubo yokuklama, amatimu abalulekile aqondene nesayithi, okuhlanganisa kodwa okungagcini nje ngesakhiwo, amandla, idatha, nezidingo zokungenisa umoya, kubhekwa njengeqembu njengoba liklama futhi lixoxa ngevolumu ye-LED. Zonke lezi zici zidinga ukucatshangelwa kahle futhi zihlinzekwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqaliswa okulungile kwesikrini se-LED esiklanyelwe.
Isiphetho
Ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kumelela ushintsho olukhulu embonini yokwenza amafilimu, okuhlanganisa kalula izinto zomhlaba wangempela nezimo zedijithali ukuze kudale ukubukeka okumangalisayo, okunesithombe sangempela. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, indima yezikrini zekhwalithi ephezulu ze-LED iya ibaluleke kakhulu. Kubenzi bamafilimu namaqembu abakhiqizi abafuna ukusebenzisa amandla okukhiqiza okubonakalayo, ukukhetha umhlinzeki wesikrini se-LED ofanele kubalulekile.
I-Hot Electronics imi phambili kulokhu kusungulwa, ihlinzeka ngezikrini ze-LED ezihola phambili embonini eziklanyelwe ngokuqondile izindawo zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo. Izikrini zethu zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zokwenza ifilimu yesimanje, zilethe ukunemba okukhethekile kombala, ukukhanya, nokulungiswa. Ngolwazi lwethu olubanzi nokuzibophezela kwethu ekwenzeni okuhle, simi endaweni efanele ukusekela izidingo zakho zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo futhi sikusize uphilise umbono wakho wokudala.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe lokuthi kanjaniAma-Electronics ashisayoingakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwakho okubonakalayo, xhumana nathi namuhla. Masisebenze ndawonye ukuze sidlule imingcele yokwenza amafilimu futhi sakhe okuhlangenwe nakho okungajwayelekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-03-2024